In the aftermath of the Russia-Ukraine war, the US imposed economic sanctions on Russia, including freezing Russian dollar accounts in the US. This move prompted countries to consider minimizing their use of the dollar to protect their national interests. India was among the countries that explored alternative options and came up with the Vostro account.
A Vostro account is a Latin term that means 'to your account.' It is an account opened by a foreign bank in the local currency of another country, usually for the purpose of facilitating trade. For instance, if an Indian company imports oil from Russia, the company will pay Russia in Indian rupees, which will be deposited in Russia's Vostro account in India. If Russia needs to use the money, they can invest it in government bonds for a certain period of time.
On the other hand, if Russia imports goods from India, they will pay Indian suppliers using the money in their Vostro account in India. This eliminates the need to depend on the US dollar for trade.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is also planning to internationalize the Indian rupee. This means that more countries will accept the Indian rupee as a trading currency, reducing the need for exchanging rupees into dollars. If more countries follow India's example and begin using their own currency for trade, the dominance of the US dollar will decrease.
The Vostro account system is one of the factors that will contribute to India becoming an economic superpower in the future. It reduces India's dependence on the dollar and makes it a more attractive trading partner for other countries.